#Legal Issues in Medical Practice Books

[whencyclopedia]

The Politics of Reproduction in Ottoman Society, 1838-1900

"The Politics of Reproduction in Ottoman Society, 1838-1900" sheds light on how turbulent population changes led to anxieties in the Ottoman elites and the state. In this context, Balsoy illustrates how medical modernization was employed by authorities to discipline the female body and control the population. The book provides a clear image of the 19th Century’s perspective on women in Ottoman society and is a must-read for those interested in Ottoman women's history.

Gülhan Balsoy is a professor of history at Istanbul Bilgi University. The book is a revised and rewritten version of Balsoy’s PhD thesis. The book's five chapters respectively focus on the history and transformation of midwifery, abortion, pregnancy, and infertility in Ottoman society. While investigating these themes, Balsoy asserts that reproduction was not a natural experience but a political subject. Balsoy examines how the Ottoman state and elites attempted to change together with control of the female body and subjected it to medical and legal control by using institutions, laws, and medical doctors. According to Balsoy, the state and Ottoman elites constructed the pronatalist means to increase the Turkish/Muslim population by transforming midwifery practices, banning abortion, medicalizing pregnancy/childbirth, and inclining on infertility issues. Balsoy challenges the dominant idea in the historical scholarship that the Ottomans attempted to create a heterogenous Ottoman identity in the society.

The main contribution of this book is derived from the reception of medical modernization through political and institutional means. It demonstrates that the medical elites or obstetricians reflected the Ottoman state’s mentality on the decline of the Turkish/Muslim population. For example, the first law on abortion in 1838, the establishment of the Midwifery School in 1842, and licensing midwives or prioritizing obstetricians were precautions for the state’s population anxiety. However, after investigating literature on Besim Ömer, a famous pronatalist, and Ottoman obstetrician at that time, Balsoy successfully showed that the dichotomy between “old crones” and doctors were not the whole picture. Besim Ömer and many obstetricians asserted that "old crones" were uneducated and lacked hygiene. Despite their ideas about untrained midwives, doctors or licensed midwives also experienced failures in their operations. Thus, the problem put forward by Besim Ömer was not demographic but political and ideological. Another impactful aspect of the book is how anti-abortion and pronatalist ideas are represented in popular literature and advice books for pregnant women. These sources help us to map a combination of social mentality and forced pronatalist agenda by Ottoman authorities, which controlled and disciplined female bodily experiences to alleviate the population anxieties of the elites.

Despite these contributions, there lacks an explanation of how and why these elites had population anxiety or whether they were sure about their homogeneous Ottoman identity in every case. In other words, did all Ottoman elites have this population anxiety? Many sources utilized by Balsoy usually only show us the perception of the Ottoman obstetricians. Another point raised is the comparison between other social groups. For example, the practices of non-Muslim women, especially midwifery or the medicalization process of pregnancy and their experiences, are lacking. However, including other socio-ethnic and religious groups may enrich the literature on the effects of reproduction policies. It is understandable that this book lacks in these two points since finding primary sources written by women and other disenfranchised groups in Ottoman society has always been a challenge for historical scholarship.

This book is an academically fulfilling work on the late Ottoman society. Specifically, prescriptive or advice books and popular literature are utilized quite well in this book. However, her main argument about the politicization of reproduction and the female body stays slightly rigid because the primary Ottoman sources give us a more sophisticated picture than Balsoy's main argument. The spread of pronatalist ideas and politicization of the female body via medicalization and legal means can provide a portrait of how the state and the elites may have population anxieties. Nevertheless, we still cannot avoid the complexities of social changes in the public area, especially when there are few personal or collective accounts of women. In the end, Balsoy's argument is well-researched and invaluable for opening up a space for discussing the female experiences in the late period of Ottoman society.

Continue reading...

[scribble-brain-aced]

random headcanons about legally blind Killer

okay so. i really don’t see how it’s possible for him to have good vision. i mean. he’s constantly crying black tears. think of when you cry NORMALLY- your vision gets all blurry, you can barely see. now imagine if those tears were magic pitch and oh yeah ALSO MADE OF LIQUID DETERMINATION. (in my au, corrupted magic, so-)

so imagine that. but CONSTANTLY. no way killer doesn’t have SOME issues.

but, Killer being Killer, probably doesn’t tell the gang. he’s a stubborn little shit, as he probably either decided to do nothing, or find the easiest, most discreet solutions possible.

so my headcanons about this headcanon:

-He uses stickers. Bright, neon stickers to help him find stuff. sticks em on EVERYTHING he owns.

-he is surprisingly organized. i mean… for Killer, anyway. at the very least, he puts stuff back where he found it, every item has its place where it’s supposed to be.

-as for his vision itself… i tried imagining what he might see, and came up with this: probably tinted blackish, definitely blurry, a little warped… i read a book on Stargard’s Disease, and they described a spot in the center of their vision, and i thought it made sense for Killer. probably has better peripheral vision. in my guess, if you wanna use medical-ish(?) terms, i’d say about 6/200. so. pretty bad.

-he probably downplays it a LOT. doesn’t wanna be seen as weak, or useful— he doesn’t see himself that way, he’s just scared that other people might— so if he ever HAS to explain, he’ll say something about how ‘ah, it’s just kinda blurry and dark, not too bad!’

-as for how he fights: killer’s pretty talkative guy. he probably talks to his enemies a lot so he can pinpoint them by voice direction, or baiting them into close-combat so he can see them better.

-he probably fell down the stairs more times than he cares to admit. he blames nightmare, because the castle’s too dim for him.

-literally had to be sat down by Nightmare and practically ORDERED to ask for help when he needed it.

-the only question Dust had was ‘can we make blind jokes’ and killer absentmindedly agreed, before waking up the next day to find his phone flooded with Stevie Wonder and Toph Beifong clips from Dust.

btw i’m writing a fic about this and i have writer’s block at the moment but I WANNA ASK IF ANYONE’S LEGALLY OR COMPLETELY BLIND I TRIED MY BEST BUT I REALLY WANNA KNOW IF IM DOING IT RIGHT SO ANY ADVICE WOUKD BE APPRECIATED THANKS

[isfjmel-phleg]

This is a personal post.

I was digging around in our collection development spreadsheets, trying to track the cases of books having no specific requester but being attributed to "faculty," and...yikes.

Back when we had money, before I started working here, we ordered many, many books every year, and a huge chunk of them were attributed to "faculty" or "cdl"--selections of the collection development librarian. And so many of them are so blatantly slanted. Always from a particular perspective. Not necessarily religiously, but definitely p o l i t i c a l l y. Typically in the vein of being outraged at some development in society. There's nothing necessarily wrong with our having such books, but the heavy emphasis on that sort of book to the exclusion of anything else, to the point that I could probably piece together this man's personal opinions on every controversial issue known to man simply by looking at what was ordered...well, that bothers me.

For example: since the 2012-2013 school year, we have ordered more than 19 books and DVDs for the School of Nursing. I am for some reason unable to pull up the spreadsheet for 2020-2021, so I don't have complete stats, but this is what I could find for 2012-2024 minus that one year.

Out of those known 19 items, 3 were chosen by nursing faculty, 1 was a new edition, 2 were replacements of missing items, and 13 were chosen by the collection development librarian.

The items chosen by faculty were about theory construction in nursing, concept development in nursing, and a religious perspective on body and emotions.

The items chosen by the collection development librarian were exclusively on controversial issues, including multiple items on a theory that is regarded by most of the medical community as false. These were all either opinion pieces or non-mainstream medical views. (If I could pull the spreadsheet for 2020-21, it would also include that self-published opinion piece that I tried to challenge after its arrival.) As I said before, there's nothing necessarily wrong with our owning these. My concern is that our new acquisitions for this school for more than a decade have consisted almost exclusively of these.

Are the nursing students using them? The stats for checkouts on these items would suggest no, not much, if at all. The collection development librarian does make use of them, though. I would argue that for most of the nursing classes, such books are not immediately helpful, except for classes such as Ethical and Legal Issues in Nursing. Our nursing students are probably a lot more concerned with learning the practical and technical aspects of their field than obsessing over The Issues (not that those aren't important, but they're not the centerpiece of these degrees by any means). Why are we not also providing them with books that support their actual studies and not just what one man with no medical background thinks nurses need to prioritize?

And this is just one example. Schools such as Math & Science and Behavioral & Social Sciences in particular show similar biases in "faculty"-selected books, although those schools do have some balance from faculty members' requests, which tend to be informational or technical rather than opinion-focused.

There's nothing I can do about this, but it really does bother me.

[thebusylilbee]

Source

Transcription below cut :

[ Screencaps of a tweet by Mohammed El-Kurd (@m7mdkurd) that says :

"Euro-Med Human Rights Monitor has reported¹ “concerns” that the Israeli regime has stolen organs from Palestinian corpses, citing medical professionals who have documented evidence of “possible organ theft by the Israeli military,” that includes, “missing cochleas and corneas as well as other vital organs like livers, kidneys, and hearts” from bodies of dead Palestinians returned by the Israeli military to southern Gaza.

The corpses subjected to organ theft were themselves stolen from the vicinities of Al-Shifa and The Indonesian hospitals in Gaza, as doctors and journalists have reported on Nov 18 and Nov 20. According to Euro-Med Monitor, “the Israeli army also dug up and confiscated the bodies from a mass grave that was established more than 10 days ago in one of the Al-Shifa Medical Complex’s courtyards.”

Although the Israeli military has returned many of those stolen corpses to the ICRC, dozens remain in Israeli custody. The theft of dead Palestinian bodies has long been an Israeli policy that serves two purposes: transforming the corpses into bargaining chips for political gain and collectively-punishing bereaved Palestinian families by depriving them of the ability to give their loved ones proper burials. The legality of such necroviolent practices has been upheld both by the Israeli government and the Supreme Court.

Reports of Israeli organ theft not scarce. In 2009, The Guardian reported² that “Israel has admitted pathologists harvested organs from dead Palestinians, and others, without the consent of their families.” (See also: CNN, NBC News, etc).

Euro-Med Monitor cites Over Their Dead Bodies³, a book by Israeli doctor Meira Weiss, in which it is revealed that “organs taken from dead Palestinians were utilized in medical research at Israeli universities’ medical faculties and were transplanted into Jewish-Israeli patients’ bodies.”

Euro-Med Monitor writes, “Even more concerning are admissions made by Yehuda Hess, the former director of Israel’s Abu Kabir Institute of Forensic Medicine, about the theft of human tissues, organs, and skin from dead Palestinians over a period of time without their relatives’ knowledge or approval.”

An Israeli investigative television series titled “Orly and Guy Return with Answers” broadcasted an episode⁴ about the Israeli Institute of Forensic Medicine which dealt in detail with the illicit harvesting of organs from the bodies of dead “Palestinians, immigrants, and foreign workers” (see transcript⁵)

People who have brought this issue to light, including myself, have continually been subjected to harassment and punishment and accused of "blood libel." One example of this is a Montgomery County teacher who has been put on leave over social media posts decrying Israeli necroviolence. The Washington Post's

@NicoleAsbury reported on this incident and falsely claimed that "there is no evidence of organ harvesting," despite ample evidence.

@EuroMedHR has called for "the creation of an independent international investigation committee into organ theft suspicions.

1-https://euromedmonitor.org/en/article/5982/Int%E2%80%99l-committee-must-investigate-Israel%E2%80%99s-holding-of-dead-bodies-in-Gaza%E2%80%8B

2- https://theguardian.com/world/2009/dec/21/israeli-pathologists-harvested-organs

3- https://kotar.cet.ac.il//KotarApp/Viewer.aspx?nBookID=108738441#10.575.6.default

4- https://youtube.com/watch?v=ZnfCkSa3Uyc&ab_channel=IsraeliNetwork

5- https://meiraweiss.co.il/2015/03/blog-p "

The tweet is from 9:04 PM · Nov 26, 2023 and has 621.9K Views in the screenshot.]

[khawlakbg]

There's nothing Israel won't steal.

Euro-Med Human Rights Monitor has reported¹ "concerns" that the Israeli regime has stolen organs from Palestinian corpses, citing medical professionals who have documented evidence of "possible organ theft by the Israeli military," that includes, "missing cochleas and corneas as well as other vital organs like livers, kidneys, and hearts" from bodies of dead Palestinians returned by the Israeli military to southern Gaza.

The corpses subjected to organ theft were themselves stolen from the vicinities of Al-Shifa and The Indonesian hospitals in Gaza, as doctors and journalists have reported on Nov 18 and Nov 20. According to Euro-Med Monitor, "the Israeli army also dug up and confiscated the bodies from a mass grave that was established more than 10 days ago in one of the Al-Shifa Medical Complex's courtyards."

Although the Israeli military has returned many of those stolen corpses to the ICRC, dozens remain in Israeli custody. The theft of dead Palestinian bodies has long been an Israeli policy that serves two purposes: transforming the corpses into bargaining chips for political gain and collectively-punishing bereaved Palestinian families by depriving them of the ability to give their loved ones proper burials. The legality of such necroviolent practices has been upheld both by the Israeli government and the Supreme Court.

Reports of Israeli organ theft not scarce. In 2009, The Guardian reported that "Israel has admitted pathologists harvested organs from dead Palestinians, and others, without the consent of their families." (See also: CNN, NBC News, etc).

Euro-Med Monitor cites Over Their Dead Bodies³, a book by Israeli doctor Meira Weiss, in which it is revealed that "organs taken from dead Palestinians were utilized in medical research at Israeli universities' medical faculties and were transplanted into Jewish-Israeli patients' bodies."

Euro-Med Monitor writes, "Even more concerning are admissions made by Yehuda Hess, the former director of Israel's Abu Kabir Institute of Forensic Medicine, about the theft of human tissues, organs, and skin from dead Palestinians over a period of time without their relatives' knowledge or approval."

An Israeli investigative television series titled "Orly and Guy Return with Answers" broadcasted an episode4 about the Israeli Institute of Forensic Medicine which dealt in detail with the illicit harvesting of organs from the bodies of dead "Palestinian" immigrants, and foreign workers" (see transcript5)

People who have brought this issue to light, including myself, have continually been subjected to harassment and punishment and accused of "blood libel." One example of this is a Montgomery County teacher who has been put on leave over social media posts decrying Israeli necroviolence. The Washington Post's NicoleAsbury reported on this incident and falsely claimed that "there is no evidence of organ harvesting," despite ample evidence.

EuroMedHR has called for "the creation of an independent evidence.

EuroMedHR has called for "the creation of an independent international investigation committee into organ theft suspicions."

1.

2. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/dec/21/israeli-pathologists-harvested-organs

3. kotar.cet.ac.il//KotarApp/View…

4.

5.

Source:

[aestheticdriven]

Under Matthew's facade - part 1

Matthew puts on an air of being breezy and fun and unbothered all the time, but the truth is that he has suffered from anxiety, abandonment issues and poor self-esteem/self-worth since he was a child, that have only grown with the years and became paired with depression as well, specially after the events of Cast Long Shadows. Since he fakes so well even the fandom forgets what lies underneath, I have compiled all the excerpts from the short stories and books that blatantly show on page all the mental health issues he has had since young, and some basic explanations from health and psychology websites about how they came to be, their impact and how the lack of support from his family initiated/aggravated them.

Since there are a lot, I have divided them in 3 parts:

1 - The first trauma: Child abandonment, neglect and parentification (below)

2 - Childhood issues: Cracked self-image and mental health (here)

3 - The sin: descent into depression and alcoholism (here)

Part 1 - The first trauma: Child abandonment, neglect and parentification

Listen, I love Henry and Charlotte as people and as a couple in TID, but they were terrible parents. What they did to Matthew can literally be qualified as child abandonment, neglect and parentification.

I am in no way an expert in these subjects, but I put a great deal of research into this and know people irl with these experiences that can relate to Matthew and see the signs in his story. Just for context, this is a basic explanation of the terms (sources are linked in the words above or throughout the text), and later I’ll put the canon excerpts that show and relate to them.  

Child abandonment is:

“While abandoning a child typically involves physical abandonment -- such as leaving a child at a stranger's doorstep when no one is home -- it may also include extreme cases of emotional abandonment -- such as when a "work-a-holic" parent offers little or no physical contact or emotional support over long periods of time.”

It includes, among other things:

Making only minimal efforts to support and communicate with a child;

Being absent from the home for a period of time that created a substantial risk of serious harm to a child left in the home;

Being unwilling to provide care, support, or supervision for the child.

It is a subcategory of child neglect, which is:

The Federal Child Abuse Prevention Treatment Act (CAPTA) legally defines neglect as "any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker that presents an imminent risk of serious harm to the child."

State laws often define neglect as the failure of a parent or caregiver to provide needed food, shelter, clothing, medical care, or supervision to the degree that a child’s health, safety, and well-being are threatened with harm.

More specifically, it falls on these two types of neglect:

Emotional neglect: Exposing a child to domestic violence or substance use, or not providing affection or emotional support

Inadequate supervision: Leaving a child who can’t care for themselves home alone, not protecting a child from safety hazards, or leaving the child with inadequate caregivers

Charlotte was barely home, and Henry - while home - was completely unfit to be a parent (or at least to be Matthew’s parent since we don’t have many insights on Charles), focused on his work at all times as he was. A dangerous work at that, that exposed Matthew to safety hazards such as fire, poison and explosions, and that he wouldn’t be pried from even to take care of his sons. With no other close family and with a much older brother that ignored and disdained him, Matthew had little to no support from his family at key developmental stages in his life.

Not only that, but the burden he took on with his parents - more noticeably with Henry, but also with Charlotte - is what is called parentification, which is:

Parentification occurs when parents look to their children for emotional and/or practical support, rather than providing it. Hence, the child becomes the caregiver. As a result, parentified children are forced to assume adult responsibilities and behaviors before they are ready to do so. In addition, they do not receive acknowledgment or support for taking on these responsibilities. (...)  The word describes what happens when the roles of parent and child are reversed. Consequently, this role reversal disrupts the natural process of child development. In most cases, it has far-reaching negative effects on the child’s mental and physical health.

Examples from all of these can be clearly seen in Nothing but Shadows and Cast Long Shadows:

Even if it wasn’t what Charlotte meant, parentifying Matthew was exactly what she did in this moment. A six-year-old child shouldn’t take care of their father, and they definitely shouldn’t be made to feel like taking care of their father is their responsibility, it should be the other way around, always. A parent shouldn’t be so incompetent at parenting and at reassuring their children they are safe that a six-year-old is left with the lasting impression that if they aren’t around at all times, their parent just can’t get by. Both Charlotte and Henry neglected and abandoned Matthew emotionally so badly, his only close connection to them was him taking care of them.

It is so absurd, and terrible, and damaging, that it is even acknowledged in the text in Nothing But Shadows:

As James says so himself: "I don't take care of my father, my father takes care of me". Even James, as a child, can see there’s something terribly wrong there, that the parent should take care of the child, and even James remarks it would be cruel to point that out to Matthew when he has never had that security in his life, opposite to the security James and Lucie received from Will and Tessa their whole lives.

I also explains why he was so desperate to go back home he came up with that whole “worst shadowhunter ever” plan. When you think you are the only thing keeping your father from getting himself killed, you will do anything to get back to him, even go against your own nature by picking fights and causing problems for others.

Growing up without that security and comfort, and having this inversion of roles, really affected Matthew hard in the worst way. He didn’t even think he could go visit the institute for a day without something horrible happening to Henry and it being his fault. It affected him so deeply it made him think it was his responsibility to take care of (=be the parent of) everyone, even his friends, even in spite of himself. He thinks that’s the only thing he is good for:

He says he likes it but... Does he, really? Or is that only the only thing he has ever known when interacting with others - even his own parents - and that he now projects to his friends? This is the only way he knows how to collect to people, and to make himself “useful” to others so they won’t leave him.

Not even in his older brother can he find support. As Matthew said in the excerpt above “My mother is always busy and Charles is always running after her and acting superior”. Rather than supporting him, Charles goes to the complete opposite and is particularly awful to him. For him, anything Matthew does is stupid, childish and wrong (even when Matthew is literally a child). Throughout all Cast Long Shadows he attacks Matthew every chance he gets:

*******

Even when Charlotte falls sick, the first thing he does is to blame Matthew for it even without any basis whatsoever, like wtf?

Not only that, but it’s clear no one in his family trusts him. They didn’t even bother telling him his mother was pregnant. For months. For ????? reason??? Even that Matthew excuses and puts the blame on himself, saying they were protecting him, but protecting him from what? From knowing his mother was... pregnant? From having an open conversation? They think he can’t handle knowing there’s a baby coming as if he was a toddler, is that it?, Whatever the reason, it still doesn’t negate the fact they simply all chose to hide the pregnancy from him for months. And not only they didn’t tell him, but they were treating him badly during this period due to the stress of it all and never even bothered telling him why. It’s no wonder he fell so easily for Alastair’s vile words and continued to believe them even at this time when he had never had and still doesn’t have any trust or support from his family when it comes to anything remotely important or any openings to talk about his feelings with them. In the end, all he wanted was to know the truth:

*********

 *******

Growing up in this environment is bound to make a number on anyone’s mental health, but Matthew himself has no conscience of anything wrong being done to him. The grasp on mental health at the time was feeble at best, and no one would have considered the parents in the wrong for doing things like they did, but more than that, this is all Matthew has ever known, so how can he have the conscience it isn’t right, like James figured out in a second in Nothing But Shadows? His parents were never evil or malicious, but that doesn’t mean they didn’t harm him in all the ways put here, but Matthew doesn’t see it like that. He even says his parents are so great he never had the chance to be neglected, in spite of having actually been neglected and parentified his whole childhood:

**********

He loves his parents and he thinks they are the best parents in the world as well as the best on anything they do, and because he has always thought and still thinks his parents are amazing and flawless, any time anything goes against that, he blinds himself to it, and any wrongs from them or others he is bound to see as some flaw in himself instead, not them. This is the topic of part 2 right here. 

[a-heart-of-flame]

Free Tarot / Oracle Readings ♥ [open]

I don't often post anything personal on this here Tumblr, but if you have followed me for a while or just get a good feeling I would like to attempt some free readings for others! The motivation behind it is merely because I want to practice, and I have come to a point where I feel like readings for myself and referencing the books just isn't getting me further... I do not promise to be amazing at this, but I will certainly give it my best, it's in my own interest to do so as well, after all! ♥ Shoot an ASK, and if you're sending anonymously please give initials or something to identify you by, even if it's a made up name c: Below is more about who I am, and also what kinds of readings I will and will not do, please read it ♥

About Me: You can call me Safi. I'm 30+ and I've been reading tarot for 7 years now. Mainly for myself, any readings for others have been upon a friend's request or for fun at a party etc. I read the RWS System but also with Oracle decks. (If you're interested in my collection shoot a DM and we can get nerdy about it c: ) I won't read about medical issues, pregnancies or legal matters. These are far too serious to give to a stranger in my personal opinion. I don't do readings about what other people are thinking, [I.e "Does X like me?" "What does X think about me?" etc] as that is their business. I do not channel messages from Divine Beings, people or the Dead. I'm simply not good at it, as of yet. I will read about you, your personal situation and so on. For example, if you were to ask me for a reading regarding a relationship I would create a reading to give insight into what this relationship might do for you positively and/or negatively. I might include likelihood of the relationship lasting based on personality clues given from you about you and the person/s you're asking about. I do not believe in "Fortune Telling" or "Future Prediction" with Tarot personally, but I know there are other readers out there who do, and I would recommend you find one of those c: You may in your submission request a Tarot or Oracle reading. I will use Tarot by default and I draw Oracle cards whenever a Tarot reading seems to need it, but you can also suggest one outright. If you want to select a specific deck I will use, please send me a DM rather than an ask and we'll discuss which decks I use for public readings. Much Love, Safi

[umbralwaves]

Euro-Med Human Rights Monitor has reported¹ “concerns” that the Israeli regime has stolen organs from Palestinian corpses, citing medical professionals who have documented evidence of “possible organ theft by the Israeli military,” that includes, “missing cochleas and corneas as well as other vital organs like livers, kidneys, and hearts” from bodies of dead Palestinians returned by the Israeli military to southern Gaza.

The corpses subjected to organ theft were themselves stolen from the vicinities of Al-Shifa and The Indonesian hospitals in Gaza, as doctors and journalists have reported on Nov 18 and Nov 20. According to Euro-Med Monitor, “the Israeli army also dug up and confiscated the bodies from a mass grave that was established more than 10 days ago in one of the Al-Shifa Medical Complex’s courtyards.”

Although the Israeli military has returned many of those stolen corpses to the ICRC, dozens remain in Israeli custody. The theft of dead Palestinian bodies has long been an Israeli policy that serves two purposes: transforming the corpses into bargaining chips for political gain and collectively-punishing bereaved Palestinian families by depriving them of the ability to give their loved ones proper burials. The legality of such necroviolent practices has been upheld both by the Israeli government and the Supreme Court.

Reports of Israeli organ theft not scarce. In 2009, The Guardian reported² that “Israel has admitted pathologists harvested organs from dead Palestinians, and others, without the consent of their families.” (See also: CNN, NBC News, etc).

Euro-Med Monitor cites Over Their Dead Bodies³, a book by Israeli doctor Meira Weiss, in which it is revealed that “organs taken from dead Palestinians were utilized in medical research at Israeli universities’ medical faculties and were transplanted into Jewish-Israeli patients’ bodies.” Euro-Med Monitor writes, “Even more concerning are admissions made by Yehuda Hess, the former director of Israel’s Abu Kabir Institute of Forensic Medicine, about the theft of human tissues, organs, and skin from dead Palestinians over a period of time without their relatives’ knowledge or approval.”

An Israeli investigative television series titled “Orly and Guy Return with Answers” broadcasted an episode⁴ about the Israeli Institute of Forensic Medicine which dealt in detail with the illicit harvesting of organs from the bodies of dead “Palestinians, immigrants, and foreign workers” (see transcript⁵)

People who have brought this issue to light, including myself, have continually been subjected to harassment and punishment and accused of "blood libel." One example of this is a Montgomery County teacher who has been put on leave over social media posts decrying Israeli necroviolence. The Washington Post's

@NicoleAsbury reported on this incident and falsely claimed that "there is no evidence of organ harvesting," despite ample evidence. @EuroMedHR has called for "the creation of an independent international investigation committee into organ theft suspicions."

— Mohammed El-Kurd (@m7mdkurd) November 26, 2023

[hillside-dangler]

Gary Gilmore & The Death Penalty

C)(C

GARY GILMORE was the first person to be executed in the USA after the death penalty was reinstated in 1976. At the time there were 358 other American prisoners on death row throughout the USA. His death publicly marked the resumption of capital punishment within certain states. A previous ruling in 1973 banned the practice altogether, declaring the act to be unconstitutional. Gilmores case sparked lots of media attention, dividing public opinion.

c)(c

Twenty-four states currently allow the death penalty. Twenty-three states have abolished capital punishment altogether. Three states, California, Oregon, and Pennsylvania, have governor-issued moratoriums in place, halting executions in the state. Michigan became the first state to abolish, in 1846. Virginia is the most recent state to abolish the practice on July 1, 2021. Crimes eligible to receive capital punishment include murder, espionage, war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide, and treason. Since, 1972, all executions performed have been for acts of homicide. Gilmore was found guilty of killing two young men during an armed robbery. The men were Max Jensen and Bennie Bushnell.

c)(c

Gilmore gained notoriety due to his insistence on being executed and his refusal to appeal his sentence. He thought he had a good case for 'insanity', given the lack of control he experienced leading up to these crimes. Gilmore's lawyers fought to have his death sentence overturned, arguing that he was mentally ill and therefore not fit for execution. This led to Gilmore firing both of them. Four separate psychiatrists examined Gilmore and stated in court that, while he did have an antisocial personality disorder, which may have been aggravated by drinking and the prescription drug Fiorinal, he did not meet the legal criteria for insanity.

c)(c

Gilmores brother claims that Gary had undergone earlier medical examinations during his previous 15 year incarceration. According to him, the results indicated that Gilmore suffered from psychopathic personality disorders and was deeply scarred from childhood abuse. He was highly intelligent and continually educated himself in prison. He was naturally creative and a gifted artist.

c)(c

Unfortunately, prison increased his tendency to resist authority and find conflict in social situations. He gained a reputation for violence, frequently attacking other inmates and guards. He was constantly subdued with prolixin, an antipsychotic drug. The days leading up to the murders, friends noted Gilmores' irrational and threatening behaviour. He was angry and somewhat disconnected.

c)(c

The courts ultimately upheld his sentence and the death penalty was administered. Upon hearing his guilty verdict, Gilmore told the judge: "it's been sanctioned by the courts and I accept that" He publicly denounced activists and religious spokespeople who protesting the death penalty. "It's my life, and my death" he told journalists. He rejected his own mothers efforts to appeal and get a stay. He quoting Nietzsche, saying " the time comes when a man should rise to meet the occasion"

c)(c

His attitude towards his impending execution was unusual, as most death row inmates fight their sentences through appeals and other legal means. Before his execution, Gilmore gave numerous interviews to the media, expressing regret for his crimes but insisting that he deserved to die for them. On the day of his execution activists protested outside the prison, opposing the death sentence. His story became the basis for Norman Mailer's book "The Executioner's Song" which won a Pulitzer Prize and was later made into a movie starring Tommy Lee Jones.

c)(c

The execution itself was also controversial. Gilmore had chosen to be executed by firing squad, which was still legal in Utah at the time, but not common.

The night before Gilmour's sentence was fulfilled, the death row prisoner was granted permission for family to visit his cell. His uncle smuggled a bottle of booze into jail. Gary enjoyed a robust last supper in jolly drunkenness. Johnny Cash even called Gary to sing a song for him over the phone.

17/01/1977 At approximately 8:00 am Gary Mark Gilmore is escorted to a large padded room, historically named The Slaughterhouse. A small group of family, media & friends attend the event but won't witness the killing. The act is so brutal and performed by a voluntary firing squad. Strapped to a leather chair with a target across his heart, Gilmore sits motionless, showing no resistance. Despite earlier requests to keep his face exposed, Gilmores head is covered with a black corduroy slip. His last spoken words were reportedly "Let's do it". The killers death-wish was adapted by Nike, who changed it to "Just Do It" in the early 80's. The slogan became a positive affirmation encouraging confidence, spontaneity and personal empowerment. Gilmore was definitely fearless, hailed by some as an antihero, a martyr among outlaws 'sticking' it to the man.' Despite the city's Mormon influence, Gilmore was born a catholic. A priest was present to reads his last rites before the final countdown begins. From behind a curtain five shots are fired from 30-30 deer rifles. Four of them are loaded with steel-jacketed shells and the first one contains a blank. All effort is made to ensure the executioners conscience and identity are protected. The gunmen remain anonymous, permanently unaware of which gun fired a blank and which shot the fatal bullets.

c)(c

Gilmores body jerks upon impact as Thirty Six years of life bleed from a hole in his heart. Four bullet holes have passed through the man's body to become permanently lodged in the leather behind him. Two minutes pass before Gilmore is pronounced 'officially dead.' The heart must be silent and the blood flow must cease before doctors are permitted to undertake the organ removal procedure. The surgery is prompt, unsightly and undeniably final. There's no chance of return for an organ donor.

c)(c

In 1977 punk band The Adverts reference this in their song 'Gary Gilmores Eyes'. Imagined from the perspective of an organ recipient awaking to discover whose eyes they've just inherited.

"The doctors are avoiding me. My vision is confused. I listen to my earphones, I catch the evening news. A murderer's been killed and he donates his sight to science. I'm locked into a private ward. I realize that I must be...Looking through Gary Gilmore's eyes."

C)(C

[reviewsthatburn]

*I received a free review copy in exchange for an honest review of this book. 

DNF 27% in.

I found myself struggling to get through THE WILL OF THE MANY, and I ultimately did not finish reading it. I enjoy doorstoppers and I like long books, the length is not the issue. I can like a slow burn story when I have an idea of what the slow burn is building to, but while I mostly understand why Ulciscor is doing what he's doing, I don't understand what Vis (the protagonist) is doing or what his goals are.

Full Review at Link.

[kutlaytelli]

Presentation of Dr. Kutlay Telli on Medical Liability

System in Turkey

It is widely recognized that very single health service carries a risk. My presentation for the Kuwait delegation (the Ministry of Health and Al Salam International Hospital) on Medical Liability System in Turkey for January 13th, 2023, observes that if the medical intervention is contrary to the internationally recognized standards and occupational rules in the field of medical science, the relevant service provider is responsible for any kind of harm or injury to the patient. You can see titles of my presentation here: 

Presentation of Dr. Kutlay Telli on Medical Liability

System in Turkey

First Session : General Overview of Medical Liability in Turkey 

1.  Operation of Medical Services in Turkey : public and private distinction of hospitals

a.Public Service

b.Private Service 

2. Medical Liability System Under Turkish Legal Framework 

a.Civil Liability

b.Criminal Liability 

3. Malpractice

a.What is the Definition of Malpractice and What are Core Types of Malpractice

b.Difference Between Malpractice and Complication? 

Second Session: Legal Limits of Medical Liability in Practice

1. Medical Liability Types 

a.Contractual or Extra-Contractual Liability: Ex. Faults of Medical Staff in Medical Practice 

b.Individual Liability of Hospitals: Obligation of Accommodation, Food Supply, Appropriate Medical Equipment etc.

2.Escaping the Shadow of Malpractice in the Light of Judicial Judgments

a.Functions of Expert Reports and Other Relevant Authorities

b.Compensation of Pecuniary and Non-Pecuniary Damage 

3.The Medical Accident Fund    

a.The Issue of Whether There is a State Fund or not for Malpractice

b.The Issue of Whether There is a Compulsory Medical Insurance

Dr. Kutlay Telli 

Senior Lawyer| Consultant| Researcher|Certified Peer Reviewer

LLM Leicester University Faculty of Law, Leicester, UK

Visiting Scholar Fordham University Faculty of Law, New York, USA

After his graduation from the Faculty of Law in Ankara, he received his second master’s degree from the Leicester University Faculty of Law, UK in 2008. He delivered lectures in Fordham School of Law in the USA. He completed his dissertation research for an associate professor degree in New York. He speaks Turkish, French and English very fluently. 

He has extensive experience in different branches of public and private international law. He has been engaging in legal matters within the framework of national and international firms and institutions such as the Turkish Council of State and the United Nations for 15+ years.      

He wrote four books and numerous articles in journals with referees (mostly in English) dedicated to existing and emerging legal challenges and their effective solutions. Dr. Telli has a great capacity to produce legal documents, articles, reports and all related contents in particularly English and Turkish. He plays a considerable role in a number of leading international peer reviewed journals as referee. He also has extensive experience in negotiation techniques and diplomacy.  He is married with two children.

[cathygeha]

REVIEW

Beyond Reasonable Doubt by Robert Dugoni

Keera Duggan #2

Twisted tricky thought-provoking legal thriller that drew me in, made me care, and kept me intrigued till the final page.

What I liked:

* Keera Duggan: brilliant, strategic thinker, responsible, dealing with moving from state prosecutor to private practice defense law, loves her family, chess prodigy, sister, has personal-family-work issues to deal with, competitive, learned and grew in this book

* The Duggan Family’s dynamics and learning more about the impact of alcohol on all of them

* Detective Frank Rossi: bright, professional, honest, diligent, mathematical, wants to have a family someday, could see him with Keera in the future…maybe

* P. J. Harrison: ex-detective now private eye used by the Duggan law firm, wise, steadying, intriguing

* The police procedural aspects and how the process was similar and different for the police and Keera – prosecution vs defense

* The plot, pacing, setting, writing

* The backstory of interactions between Keera and her client Jenna

* A quote I wrote down that Rossi’s father liked to say: “If you take sh*t to heart, you die with a heart full of sh*t.

* The way the whodunnit played out with clues offered, followed, and the way the puzzle pieces slotted together – and – the big surprise(s) toward the end

* Knowing that there will be another book in the series

* All of it really except…

What I didn’t like:

* Who and what I was meant not to like

* Thinking about the negative impact alcohol can have

* Trying to figure out how some of the characters in this book could end up so warped and evil

Did I like this book? Yes

Would I read more in this series? Yes

Thank you to NetGalley and Thomas & Mercer for the ARC – This is my honest review.

5 Stars

BLURB

A master manipulator accused of murder. An attorney sworn to defend her. Keera Duggan returns in a riveting novel of suspense by New York Times bestselling author Robert Dugoni. When Jenna Bernstein, disgraced wunderkind CEO of a controversial biotech company, is accused of murdering her former partner and lover, she turns to Seattle attorney Keera Duggan to defend her. Keera is more than a master chess player who brings her intuitive moves into court—she’s Jenna’s childhood friend. But considering their history, Keera knows that where Jenna goes, trouble follows. Three years earlier, Keera’s father successfully defended Jenna when she was tried for the killing of her company’s chief medical scientist who threatened to go public with allegations of corporate fraud. Keera knows Jenna too well. When she was a kid, Keera saw Jenna for what she a manipulative and frighteningly controlling sociopath. Now, with only circumstantial evidence against Jenna, Keera is willing to bury any trepidation she might have to defend a woman she believes, this time, to be innocent. As the investigation gets underway and disturbing questions arise, Keera puts her trust in a client who swears nothing but the truth. If this is all just another devious game, Keera might be working to set a murderer free.

A NOTE FROM THE PUBLISHER

Robert Dugoni is the New York Times, Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, and Amazon Charts bestselling author of several series, including Tracy Crosswhite, Charles Jenkins, David Sloane, and Keera Duggan. His stand-alone novels include Damage Control, The 7th Canon, The World Played Chess, and The Extraordinary Life of Sam Hell, which was named Suspense Magazine’s 2018 Book of the Year and won Dugoni an AudioFile Earphones Award for his narration. The Washington Post named his nonfiction exposé The Cyanide Canary a Best Book of the Year. Dugoni is the recipient of the Nancy Pearl Book Award for fiction and a multi-time winner for best novel set in the Pacific Northwest. He has been a finalist for many other awards. Dugoni’s books are sold in more than twenty-five countries and have been translated into more than thirty languages, reaching over ten million readers worldwide. He lives in Seattle. Visit his website at robertdugonibooks.com.

[pettaxi]

Pet Transportation Basics: A Comprehensive Guide

Transporting pets has become a crucial service for pet owners, especially those juggling busy schedules or planning trips. Pet taxis Express are a growing solution in this space, offering safe, reliable, and convenient transportation options. This guide will explore the fundamentals of pet transportation services, touching on their benefits, types, and essential features.

What is a Pet Taxi Service?

A pet taxi service is a dedicated transportation service designed to cater to pets' unique needs. Unlike traditional cabs, pet taxis are equipped to handle various pet types, including dogs, cats, and even exotic animals. These services often include pick-ups and drop-offs for vet appointments, grooming sessions, or daycare.

History of Pet Transportation

The concept of pet-specific transportation emerged alongside the booming pet care industry. Initially, pet transport was informal, relying on personal vehicles. However, with urbanization and a growing need for pet mobility, dedicated pet taxi services began to flourish. Today, these services operate globally, with professional fleets and specialized drivers.

Benefits of Using Pet Taxi Services

Opting for a pet taxi service comes with several advantages:

Convenience: Eliminates the hassle of adjusting personal schedules.

Safety: Drivers are trained in handling pets, ensuring a stress-free ride.

Customization: Offers services tailored to specific needs, like climate control or medical assistance.

Pet Taxi vs. Traditional Transport

Unlike conventional taxis or rideshares, pet taxis focus on pet safety and comfort. Key differences include:

Space for Carriers: Designed for pet crates and carriers.

Pet Safety Features: Equipped with harnesses, partitions, and air conditioning.

Experienced Drivers: Knowledgeable about pet behavior and needs.

Types of Vehicles Used in Pet Taxis

The vehicles used in pet transportation range from small vans to SUVs, often modified to include pet-specific features such as:

Non-slip flooring.

Temperature-controlled interiors.

Partitioned compartments for multiple pets.

Key Features of Professional Pet Taxis

To ensure quality, professional pet taxis typically offer:

Tracking Technology: GPS systems for real-time updates.

Emergency Kits: Prepared for medical or behavioral emergencies.

Certified Staff: Trained to handle animals compassionately.

Common Misconceptions About Pet Taxis

"They’re only for emergencies." Pet taxis are versatile, handling daily commutes like grooming or playdates.

"Too expensive." While prices vary, many services offer budget-friendly options.

"Limited to dogs and cats." Many services cater to birds, reptiles, and other animals.

Understanding Pet Behavior in Transit

A pet’s comfort during travel depends on their temperament. For example:

Calm Pets: May relax in a carrier or with minimal supervision.

Anxious Pets: Often require additional soothing measures like familiar toys or blankets. Pet taxis often adapt to these needs, ensuring a stress-free journey.

Legal Requirements for Pet Transport

Transporting pets involves adhering to specific regulations. This can include:

Health Certificates: For interstate or international travel.

Carrier Requirements: Ensuring pets are secured and comfortable.

Vaccination Records: Necessary for public safety.

Do’s and Don’ts for Pet Taxi Rides

Do:

Provide accurate information about your pet's needs.

Use appropriate carriers for safety.

Pack essentials like food, water, and medical records.

Don’t:

Delay bookings during peak times.

Withhold information about behavioral issues.

Neglect regular updates with the driver.

Trends in the Pet Transportation Industry

As the demand for Pet Taxis Express  grows, several trends are shaping the industry:

Sustainable Practices: Eco-friendly vehicles and operations.

Tech Integration: Booking apps and real-time tracking.

Luxury Services: VIP pet transport for high-end customers.

Pet transportation services are not just a convenience—they’re a necessity for pet owners who value their pets' safety and well-being. As the industry evolves, pet taxi providers continue to innovate, ensuring pets travel comfortably and securely, no matter the destination.

[australiavisasupport]

Document Checklist for Australia E-Visa: Everything You Need to Know

Are you planning to visit Australia and wondering what documents you need for an e-visa? Applying for an Australia e-visa is straightforward, but ensuring you have all the required documents is essential for a smooth process. Here’s a detailed document checklist for your Australia e-visa application.

1. Passport

Your passport is the most crucial document for any visa application. For an Australia e-visa, make sure that:

Your passport is valid for at least six months from the date of your entry into Australia.

You provide a clear scan of your passport bio page.

The passport should have blank pages for entry and exit stamps upon arrival.

2. Passport-Size Photograph

A recent passport-sized photograph is usually required for the application. Check these specifications:

Photo size: 45mm high x 35mm wide (as per Australian visa standards)

Plain background with no shadows or obstructions

Clear, full-face view without headgear, unless for religious reasons

Digital photo format if applying online

3. Proof of Financial Means

Australia often requires proof that you have sufficient funds to cover your stay. Documents that can serve as financial proof include:

Bank statements from the last three to six months

Recent payslips

Credit card statements

Travel expense proof like hotel reservations, flight bookings, etc.

4. Travel Itinerary

A travel itinerary demonstrates your purpose and plan for the visit. Here’s what to include:

Flight bookings (to and from Australia)

Accommodation details (hotel reservations or a friend/family invitation if staying with them)

Planned activities or locations you intend to visit

Tip: It’s generally advised to book refundable tickets and accommodation in case of delays.

5. Purpose of Travel Documents

Depending on your purpose for traveling (tourism, business, or study), you might need specific documents:

Tourist Visa: A personal statement or invitation letter if visiting friends or family.

Business Visa: An invitation from the Australian business entity, conference details, or a letter from your employer stating your purpose of visit.

Student Visa: An offer letter or enrollment confirmation from the educational institution in Australia.

6. Health Insurance (Optional but Recommended)

While not mandatory for short-term visits, having health insurance is strongly advised. Australian healthcare is excellent but can be costly for international travelers.

Ensure your health insurance:

Covers the duration of your stay

Includes emergency medical treatment and hospital care

7. Character Documents

Australia requires applicants to meet specific character requirements. Documents may include:

Police Clearance Certificates: If requested, you may need to submit a police clearance from your country.

Declaration of No Criminal History: Some applicants need to complete a character declaration form if there is any history of legal issues.

8. Additional Supporting Documents (If Applicable)

Depending on your nationality and application specifics, you may need to provide additional documents such as:

Employment verification letters (for business or long-term stays)

Proof of relationships (if you’re applying with family)

Evidence of previous travel (e.g., visas for other countries)

How to Ensure a Successful Australia E-Visa Application

Now that you have the checklist, follow these best practices to streamline your application process:

Double-Check Document Clarity: Ensure all documents are clear, legible, and meet the Australian Department of Home Affairs specifications.

Stay Updated: Australian visa requirements can change, so review the latest guidelines on the official website or consult an immigration expert.

Organize Documents in Advance: Missing documents can delay your visa application, so start preparing these documents as early as possible.

Final Thoughts

The Australia e-visa application process is easy if you have all the required documents prepared. By following this checklist, you’ll increase your chances of a swift and successful application.

[samsoncourses]

Comprehensive Guide to PLAB 1: Everything You Need to Know

Introduction

The Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) test is a crucial step for international medical graduates (IMGs) who wish to practice medicine in the United Kingdom. Among the two parts of the PLAB test, PLAB 1 is the first stage, focusing on assessing a candidate's knowledge and understanding of medical concepts and practices. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of PLAB 1, including its structure, preparation strategies, tips for success, and common questions about the exam.

Understanding PLAB 1

What is PLAB 1?

PLAB 1 is a multiple-choice exam consisting of 180 questions that evaluate a candidate's medical knowledge, clinical skills, and understanding of British healthcare standards. The test is conducted by the General Medical Council (GMC) and is an essential requirement for IMGs seeking to obtain a license to practice medicine in the UK.

Purpose of PLAB 1

The primary purpose of PLAB 1 is to ensure that all doctors practicing in the UK possess the necessary knowledge and skills to provide safe and effective patient care. It is designed to assess candidates' understanding of the UK healthcare system, including clinical practices, medical ethics, and legal issues.

Eligibility for PLAB 1

To sit for PLAB 1, candidates must have completed their medical degree from a recognized institution. Additionally, it is recommended that candidates have at least one year of clinical experience after graduation.

Structure of PLAB 1

Exam Format

PLAB 1 is a computer-based exam that lasts for three hours. It consists of 180 multiple-choice questions, divided into two sections:

Single Best Answer Questions (SBA): Each question presents a clinical scenario, and candidates must choose the single best answer from the provided options.

Extended Matching Questions (EMQ): These questions present a theme with several clinical scenarios, followed by a set of questions related to that theme.

Scoring

The pass mark for PLAB 1 is determined by the GMC based on the performance of candidates. The scoring system is standardized, and candidates receive their results approximately four weeks after the exam.

Preparation Strategies for PLAB 1

Understand the Exam Content

The first step in preparing for PLAB 1 is to familiarize yourself with the exam content. The GMC provides a detailed syllabus outlining the topics covered in the exam, which includes:

Basic medical sciences

Clinical medicine

Professionalism and ethics

Communication skills

Study Resources

Choosing the right study resources is crucial for effective preparation. Some recommended resources include:

Books: Essential textbooks covering the PLAB syllabus, such as "PLAB 1: A Revision Guide" and "The Essential Revision Guide for PLAB 1."

Online Courses: Numerous online platforms offer PLAB 1 preparation courses, including video lectures and practice questions.

Mock Exams: Taking mock exams helps familiarize you with the exam format and identifies areas needing improvement.

Practice Questions

Practicing past exam questions and sample papers is vital for building confidence and improving your test-taking skills. Many online platforms provide access to practice questions specifically tailored for PLAB 1.

Study Groups

Joining a study group can provide valuable support and motivation. Collaborating with peers allows you to share knowledge, discuss challenging topics, and engage in group study sessions.

Time Management

Creating a study schedule that allocates sufficient time for each topic is essential. Break your study material into manageable sections and set specific goals to track your progress.

Test Day Tips

Get Enough Rest

Ensure you get a good night's sleep before the exam day. Being well-rested will help you focus and perform better.

Arrive Early

Arriving at the exam center early allows you to familiarize yourself with the environment and reduces anxiety.

Read Questions Carefully

Take your time to read each question carefully, ensuring you understand what is being asked before selecting an answer.

Manage Your Time

With 180 questions to answer in three hours, time management is crucial. Aim to spend an average of one minute on each question, but allow yourself additional time for more complex scenarios.

Stay Calm and Focused

If you encounter challenging questions, remain calm and composed. If unsure about an answer, mark it and move on, returning to it later if time allows.

Common FAQs about PLAB 1

What is the passing score for PLAB 1?

The passing score for PLAB 1 varies for each exam cycle, as it is determined based on candidate performance. Typically, the pass mark is set around 60%.

How many times can I take PLAB 1?

Candidates can take PLAB 1 as many times as necessary, but they must pass within three attempts. If unsuccessful after three attempts, candidates must complete further medical training before reapplying.

What is the validity period of PLAB 1 results?

PLAB 1 results are valid for a period of two years. Candidates must pass PLAB 2 within this timeframe to retain their eligibility for GMC registration.

Can I take PLAB 1 from my home country?

PLAB 1 is offered in various international locations, but candidates must check the GMC website for specific testing centers and availability in their country.

Are there any prerequisites for taking PLAB 1?

Candidates must possess a primary medical qualification recognized by the GMC and are recommended to have at least one year of clinical experience post-graduation.

Conclusion

PLAB 1 is a significant milestone for international medical graduates aspiring to practice in the UK. With thorough preparation, a solid understanding of the exam structure, and effective study strategies, candidates can enhance their chances of success. By familiarizing themselves with the exam content, utilizing appropriate study resources, and practicing diligently, candidates can approach PLAB 1 with confidence. Ultimately, passing PLAB 1 opens the door to further opportunities in the UK healthcare system, allowing IMGs to contribute their skills and expertise to patient care.

[dentalmarketerofficial]

How to Design a Patient-Friendly Dental Website: Key Features to Include

Establishing an effective online presence is vital for dental practices in today’s digital landscape. Dental website design and marketing are key components in attracting new patients and retaining current ones. A well-crafted dental website acts as a virtual front door, offering essential information and creating a strong first impression. By integrating patient-friendly features, dental practices can boost their online visibility, enhance user experience, and foster greater patient engagement.

User-Friendly Navigation and Layout

An intuitive website structure is fundamental to a positive user experience. The layout should guide visitors effortlessly through the site, allowing them to find information quickly and easily. A clear menu structure, prominently displayed contact information, and a logical flow of content contribute to a user-friendly design. Implementing a responsive design ensures the website functions seamlessly across various devices, including smartphones and tablets. This adaptability is essential as more patients turn to mobile devices to access dental information. By focusing on user-friendly navigation, dental practices can lower bounce rates and motivate visitors to delve deeper into their services.

Engaging and Informative Content

Content is the cornerstone of an effective dental website. Providing comprehensive, accurate, and up-to-date information about dental services, procedures, and oral health tips establishes the practice as a trusted authority. Clear, concise explanations of common dental issues and treatments help educate patients and alleviate any anxieties they may have about dental visits. Incorporating a regularly updated blog section allows for the sharing of timely oral health advice and practice news. Incorporating high-quality images and informative videos can significantly enhance the content, making intricate dental concepts more accessible to patients. The importance of dental web design for digital marketing cannot be overstated, as engaging content directly impacts patient trust and decision-making.

Online Appointment Booking and Patient Forms

Implementing an online appointment booking system streamlines the scheduling process for both patients and staff. This feature enables patients to schedule appointments at their convenience, streamlining communication and enhancing overall efficiency. Including downloadable or fillable patient forms on the website saves time during office visits and demonstrates a commitment to patient convenience. These forms can include new patient registration, medical history, and consent forms. Ensuring these features are secure and comply with healthcare privacy regulations is paramount to maintaining patient trust and meeting legal requirements.

Testimonials and Before-and-After Galleries

Patient testimonials and before-and-after galleries serve as powerful tools for building trust and showcasing the practice's expertise. Real patient stories and experiences provide social proof, helping potential patients feel more confident in choosing the practice. Before-and-after galleries visually demonstrate the quality of work and the range of services offered. When incorporating these elements, it's important to obtain proper consent and maintain patient privacy. These features not only highlight the practice's skills but also help patients envision the potential results of their own treatments.

Conclusion

Creating a patient-friendly dental website requires a thoughtful approach that takes into account the needs and preferences of the intended audience. By incorporating user-friendly navigation, engaging content, convenient online features, and trust-building elements, dental practices can create a compelling online presence. A thoughtfully crafted website not only draws in new patients but also enriches the overall patient experience. The website ensures it remains an effective tool for patient engagement and practice growth. Dental professionals who prioritize their online presence through thoughtful website design are better positioned to thrive in an increasingly digital healthcare landscape.